Category Archives for "Organisations"

Is Your Organisation the Web Designer’s Job?

It can be difficult to explain the web consultancy role to clients. The client wants a website and may not have a clear image of what their website will be for; its purpose or what they can do with it.  If they want to market a product, service or cause, they need to consider how their organisation will use their site and this will have implications for the organisation.  This is the first of the five main reasons organisations lose their sense of purpose.

When their website consultant starts to ask questions about their clients’ aims and objectives and other details of their organisation, they are sometimes seen as stepping outside their role.  So, it is important to be clear from the start, why it is important to ask these questions.  Many clients do not appreciate the central role a website can play in the life of their organisation.  It doesn’t have to play such a role.  Organisations that are not in business may not have a marketing mindset and strongly hold to the view that their website has no implications for their overall practice.  Some businesses may share the same mistaken beliefs.

Some of this can be accounted for by not understanding what websites can do for organisations.  Many people’s beliefs are simply out of date although they can be strongly held.  Others have a stake in their organisation that overrides the new website.  The costs of a website that doesn’t work for them, that is a liability, may not be as great as the perceived loss of power to the people who run the website.

Many organisations see appointing a consultant or a designer as analogous to appointing Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. It does not change the chapel’s function. The life and routine of the Vatican are not affected by the artwork in the chapel.  Of course that is not strictly true.  The Sistine Chapel is a tourist attraction because of the ceiling and so does affect the life of the Vatican.  If this is what the client wants, then they don’t need a consultant.  They’re looking for an old-school website designer.  Their website is a badge and they can be blissfully unaware of the costs in time and money such a site will have for them.  There are many such sites and perhaps some organisations are happy with them.  They might still be happy if they were aware of what the site could do for them.

It is acceptable to have a brochure type site if it is used as a paper brochure would be used, simply to display the organisation’s credentials.  Potential clients, partners or customers can be directed there for more information.  What is not acceptable is to charge the client for a site built on an obscure platform, with limited potential functionality.  Organisations change and can find they have to scrap the old site entirely to bring in new functionality when they do decide they need more from their site.  Bad decisions are not so serious when they can be easily remedied.

The consultant’s role is perhaps more analogous to an architect. Asked to design a chapel, the architect will need a lot of information from the client to find a design that meets their requirements. The architect will ask a lot of questions the client might not expect. That is the role of any consultant, to ask the questions the client has not anticipated, to make connections the client has not made. The more the client can take part in planning the website, the better the finished website will be. A good architect may be an artist but unlike Michelangelo cannot work without a strong relationship with the client.

I’ve already pointed you to my previous sequence about non-directive consultancy.  Consultancy is usually understood to be about bringing in someone with knowledge and skills absent within the organisation.  Non-directive consultancy understands the consultor or client has more knowledge than the consultant.  Whilst I think non-directive consultancy is most appropriate for website consultancy the reality is more complex.  The consultor has unique knowledge about their organisation and business but the consultant also brings in knowledge absent within the organisation.  The skills they bring are as much about online marketing as they are about website design.  Indeed many claim the consultant needs no technical knowledge to build a website that works for the organisation.  Nevertheless consultant and consultor both bring unique knowledge to the table.

Developing your website implies changing the ways you do things. A simple example is newsletters. They are often a benefit offered to members of third sector organisations. Many organisations send their newsletters by email. The reasons for this are usually cost related.

However, if they set up a website and want to seek new members through it, a common approach is to enable visitors to subscribe using an email list. This keeps them in touch with the website and over a period they can be encouraged to become a member.

This is a big advantage, especially for local groups who can promote their cause and recruit members this way. The question is what they offer to subscribers. The newsletter is an obvious answer. It is a reason to be in regular contact with subscribers and if it is worth reading, may be exactly what they might sign up for.

But then the knock-on question is, what do you offer members? If subscribers get the newsletter, what is the advantage of becoming a member? The organisation may depend upon the members dues for its income.

There isn’t a single solution to this problem. Some organisations will be able to offer something beyond the newsletter to members, whilst others will find some other incentive for subscribers. Whatever they decide, they need to review their membership arrangements.

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Knowing Your Purpose

So, now to the main theme of this thread, where I shall look at the issues third sector organisations face. We need to face up to it, not knowing your purpose is likely to be a problem your organisations faces from time to time.  The reasons for this are complex.

Third sector organisations share some issues with businesses and government bodies whilst some are peculiar to third sector organisations.  Many small organisations find their resources restricted and time limited. Without paid staff organisations are dependent upon volunteers. Paid staff means volunteers need to track down finance or manage staff; it can be tough for unemployed people who manage paid staff.

Some people enjoy it because their small organisation becomes their personal purpose. Organisations can take on a life of their own; they take on a reality in the minds of their members, beyond the mundane reality of their resources . To create a website that works for their organisation, they will need to understand how others perceive their practice, as they strive to express it to the outside world.

Why Websites Need a Purpose

Let’s face it sick organisations produce sick websites. No-one can rescue a poor website if the client organisation is sick. A healthy organisation will not want to put up with a poor website for long. Many designers and developers find their clients frustrating. You can see why if you understand the problem may be with the client and not the machine. Woe betide the designer who has no people skills and does not understand organisations.

Here are five issues that lead to organisations losing their sense of purpose.  They don’t:

  •  see their organisation’s purpose as the site designer’s business. They want a website and object to being asked about their purpose.
  • understand the shift of emphasis from coding to plug-ins
  • know their own purpose and don’t know they don’t know their purpose.
  • understand they share problems with other types of organisation and can learn from experiences elsewhere.
  • have enough capacity.

This is a work in progress for me and I shall expand on each in turn over the coming weeks. If you think I’ve missed something do let me know.

From Publicity to Marketing

Last Wednesday I wrote about the change in web design from coding to plug-ins. Like all change, it is gradual and builds upon foundations laid in the past. There is a still a need for designers and developers of course but the context in which they work has changed. The implications of this  depend upon the logical type of the issue you are struggling with.

So, if you have a landing page which draws a lot of traffic and your conversion rate is low you may need a designer who can test your pages for conversion.  But if you are not clear what you want from your site, you do not need the same type of designer.  You will need someone who can understand your organisation’s needs and help you work out the approach to meeting them online

Slice of Christmas cake with paper dove.

No-one ices cakes any more! This is the type of naked fruit cake I mean. pixel1 / Pixabay

My mother was a cake decorator. She noticed no-one ate her Christmas cakes because they didn’t want to spoil her beautiful design. So, she started to ice a polystyrene dummy for Christmas alongside a naked Christmas cake that no-one hesitated to eat.

Too many organisations see their website like icing on their organisation. It is fancy decoration but not really at the centre of their activities. What many have not understood is websites can be the cake, they can be at the heart of your activities.

Publicity is a part of your wider marketing strategy.  It is simply a means to tell people about your organisation and its activities.  Marketing is the strategic approach you have to deploy your publicity to best effect.  It should inform what you offer as much as how you promote your offer.  Base your marketing upon understanding your market and delivering what it needs.

Some organisations may find marketing unacceptable because they believe it is about trade. Marketing is not necessarily about trade. It is essentially about getting your message across. How do you reach the largest number of relevant people and persuade them to take the action you want, eg sign up to your mailing list, attend an event, write to their MP?

But it isn’t only trade that is unwelcome for many of us. This summer in 2014 we have seen the effects of extremely malevolent postings that have nothing to do with sales. These have been immensely effective and are entirely deplorable. I haven’t seen the videos and have no intention of seeing them and yet they have a place in my thoughts.  Terrorist groups understand how to get their message out and are very effective at it.  Don’t we need to understand what they are doing and insist upon an ethical approach to working online?

Trade is not always negative. If you have a problem and find a solution for sale, assuming it is the right thing for you, why should you not pay for it? Someone is trying to make a living.   Your contribution may encourage them to continue to develop their product and so offer you further benefits in the future.

The thing I find frustrating is the attitude that “we want a website but we don’t want it to take up any time”. I don’t deny time is an issue but websites are machines and they need maintenance. If you really don’t want to do it, fair enough, so don’t have a website.  You are not buying a website, you are buying what the website can do for your organisation.  That is you are buying a machine that will help you market your organisation.  You can’t do this without some expenditure of time and money.

If not having a website is not an option then you may need to talk to a consultant who can help you work out how to run a website with the resources that are available to you. Ideally you will find the time you spend on looking after your site helps you meet your wider aims.

We need to move away from the idea of a website as a snapshot of your organisation as it was 3 or 4 years ago when your designer locked down your site, to the idea of your website as central to your organisation’s strategy. It is the most powerful tool a community or voluntary organisation could hope for.

From Coding to Plug-ins

There is a philosophical tradition, popular among some radical atheists, called reductionism. At its most extreme it contends everything can be explained in terms of its constituent parts. So, if we understand the chemical reactions in brain cells we understand human behaviour. Someone could tell from the chemical reactions in my brain that I have fallen in love.   Presumably they could also tell whether I was really in love or just having lustful thoughts. Or perhaps they would find love and lust are the same thing.

I don’t deny there are chemical changes in my brain when I fall in love. But will those chemicals tell the observer who I have fallen in love with? If I fall in love with Gill will these changes differ from if I fall in love with Susan? And would you be able to tell from examining these changes, which chemical means Gill and which Susan? If I’m in love with Gill and you inject me with Susan’s chemical, will I be in love with Susan?  The point is chemicals are an inadequate account of humanity’s tangled emotions; just about anything is!

As a response to reductionism, some people talk about qualia. These are qualities that cannot be described. Describe the colour red without saying it’s like something that is red. Gill and Susan are distinct beings and my feelings for one or the other cannot be reduced to a chemical (or mixture of chemicals).  The distinctive characteristics of something as simple as a colour or as complex as a person, cannot be reduced to something else.  The chemicals in my brain that interact when I see red, are not themselves the experience of the colour red.  They may always accompany the experience (do they?) but they are not the experience.

I prefer the term ‘logical type’. There are levels of complexity (called logical types) and you need the right tool for each level. Chemistry is not the right tool for researching human relationships. No-one is denying there are chemical reactions in my brain when I fall in love. What is dubious is the view you can explain love by studying chemistry.

What Has This to do with Website Design?

When people think about web design they think of languages such as html, css, php, JavaScript, etc.  They are similar to the chemist’s tools. Essential to a functional website surely but by no means the only tool the web consultant needs.  These are the tools a web developer uses to build new programs such as plug-ins.  They are not tools the consultant needs although the consultant might benefit from understanding them.

With content management systems (CMS) such as WordPress you can get by without them (not necessarily something I recommend) because you can use plug-ins.  Nevertheless, you still cannot get by without organisation theory (though many try).  The focus has moved in recent years from building your website to building your organisation using websites and other online and offline media.  You cannot do this if you don’t understand organisations; you can do it if you don’t understand html.

So, if you want your website to work for your organisation’s purpose, you need to understand your organisation. How else can you possibly hope to create a website that works for your organisation?  The web consultant’s role is to help you build a site that transform your organisation.

The Anatomy of Organisations

Organisations imply greater complexity than, for example, sole trader businesses. So, it’s worth considering how they work and the implications for their web presence. The anatomy of organisations, whether they are businesses or other types, implies managing four things:

Projects

Projects are the organisation main activities, its reason for existing.  The web designer must understand the organisation’s purpose to design something that helps the organisation meet its needs. Furthermore the designer needs to be sensitive to how their decisions can have an unintended impact on the organisation’s purpose. Their role is to discuss these issues with the organisation. It is certainly not to introduce changes on their own whim or that of their client. The client will not necessarily understand the impact of online changes for their organisation.

Staff

Employment of staff is the obvious difference between an organisation and a sole trader. The designer needs to find out who will be responsible for the organisation’s web presence and the time and skills they will devote to it. Do they know more or less than the client about how websites work? A significant part of the designer’s role may be training the staff who will be responsible for site maintenance.  But it goes further than that because the site is likely to have an impact on the work of all staff.  The organisation may need help to anticipate consequences for staff and to instruct staff about the changes.

Resources

The website designer needs to understand the financial resources and time available to maintain and develop the organisation’s web presence. There may also be practical issues about equipment to consider. Outdated equipment might seriously limit what can be done by the organisation. And always a business will be aware of its bottom line – just how beneficial to the organisation is their web presence?

Information

Information is the life blood of any web presence and whatever form it takes the organisation will manage information through its web presence. As well as identifying the main sources of information and how they need to be managed, there are also a number of issues such as privacy and security that will apply. Remember important information will include things like email lists as much as information relating directly to the purpose of the organisation.  Even if the organisation produces physical objects or activities, available locally, there may be potential to market them through information.  The designer needs to help the organisation identify the information and work out how to market it effectively.

All of these can have significant implications for an organisation’s web presence. However, you may still not be convinced this is a part of the web designer’s role. This is one reason I prefer the term “web consultant” because organisations these days need more than a designer. I’ll explain more next time.

Organisation Theory

It may at one time have been enough to be a techie, to understand the subtleties of mark-up languages and other coding. But the reality is the days of amazing flash animations are almost over. There may be a few designers doing this stuff but it is not what most organisations need.  Arguably, you will find knowledge of organisation theory more helpful than website development.

You see, only a few years ago web design was peripheral to most organisations. A website was an extra something you had because … well everyone else had one.  Whilst many organisations, especially in the third sector, haven’t understood the revolution happening around them, the trend is relentless and anyone who doesn’t get it will lose out.

Why You Need Organisation Theory to Explain Why Websites Don’t Work!

The fact is, if you are not going to take your organisation’s web presence seriously you are better off not being online at all. For many groups that may be the best solution. Why waste time and effort maintaining some online system that you don’t really need?

I know of many organisations whose performance would be enhanced without their current online presence. There are various reasons for this. May be:

  • they don’t have a need for it,
  • decisions made years ago have lumbered them with an unsustainable system,
  • the time they devote to the work would be better directed elsewhere, or
  • they’re investing time in a system that isn’t right for them and never will be right for them.

Pulling out of a significant investment of time and money can be difficult even if it is in the organisation’s best interests.

Many groups don’t understand what websites can do for them and perhaps experience websites as millstones around their necks; websites as burdensome creators of unnecessary work and not as helpful tools.

This sequence will look at how your web presence shares in planning your organisation’s purpose. I shall explain why technical skills are less important than organisational skills in future posts.

So, what’s most important?  Web skills or understanding your organisation?